When it comes to skincare, understanding the active ingredients in your products is key to achieving healthy, glowing skin. Applying active ingredients to the skin without knowing their side effects or benefits can cause damage. The term “active ingredients” may sound sophisticated, but they are actually easy to use, and with the correct method, they can give you radiant skin.
Let’s break down some of the most popular ones: AHAs, BHAs, Vitamin C, Retinol, Benzoyl Peroxide, and Salicylic Acid.
AHA
Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs), like glycolic acid and lactic acid, are water-soluble acids derived from fruits. They work by gently exfoliating the skin’s surface, removing dead skin cells, and promoting cell turnover.
This chemical exfoliant is ideal for those who work outside frequently and whose skin accumulates dirt easily. AHA is great for improving skin texture, reducing the appearance of fine lines, and brightening dull skin. However, AHAs can increase sun sensitivity, so sunscreen is a must. They’re best for dry or sun-damaged skin but might be too harsh for sensitive skin.
Fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits are high in citric acid, a type of AHA, and can help support healthy skin. Additionally, foods like yogurt, which contains lactic acid, not only promote gut health but also contribute to smoother skin.
As it’s an exfoliating agent, it can remove the upper skin layer, causing sensitivity issues. Therefore, you should not use it more than twice a week. Also, make sure you apply a generous amount of sunscreen throughout the day, whether you are going out or not.
BHA
Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHAs), with salicylic acid being the most common, are oil-soluble and penetrate deeper into the pores, making them ideal for treating acne and oily skin. BHAs exfoliate from within, helping to clear clogged pores, reduce inflammation, and improve skin tone.
If you have oily skin, you can use a mild BHA facewash every day to clean out the clogged pores.
They’re less likely to cause irritation compared to AHAs, but they can still dry out the skin, so it’s important to moisturize well and use sunscreen. Hydration should be ensured.
COSRX AHA/BHA Treatment Toner 5.07 fl.oz/ 150ml, Facial Exfoliating Spray for Whiteheads, Pores, & Uneven Skin, Korean Toner, Not Tested on Animals, No Parabens, No Sulfates, Korean Skincare
Vitamin C
Vitamin C, known for its antioxidant properties, is a powerful ingredient for brightening the skin and protecting it from environmental damage. It helps reduce hyperpigmentation, boosts collagen production, and improves skin elasticity.
Vitamin C is best used in the morning under sunscreen, as it enhances UV protection. However, it can be unstable and lose its effectiveness when exposed to light and air, so look for stable forms like ascorbic acid or encapsulated versions.
CeraVe Vitamin C Serum with Hyaluronic Acid | Skin Brightening Serum for Face with 10% Pure Vitamin C | Fragrance Free | 1 Fl. Oz
Pro Tips
If you are using Vitamin C during the day, do not use AHA or any exfoliating agent on your skin. This may increase sensitivity, making your skin more prone to irritation.
This powerful antioxidant is abundant in a variety of fruits and vegetables. Citrus fruits like oranges, strawberries, kiwi, and papaya are all high in Vitamin C, which helps brighten the skin and protect it from free radical damage. Vegetables like bell peppers, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts also offer substantial amounts of Vitamin C, supporting collagen production and helping to maintain firm, youthful skin.
Retinol
Retinol, a derivative of Vitamin A, is renowned for its anti-aging benefits. It promotes cell turnover, boosts collagen production, and helps fade dark spots, fine lines, and acne. If you have acne scars that haven’t faded for a while, you can use retinol for better results. Retinol serums and creams are available on the market. Go for the one that you find suitable for your skin.
Sweet potatoes, carrots, and spinach are rich in beta-carotene, a precursor to Vitamin A, which the body converts into retinol. Including these in your diet can help improve skin cell turnover and maintain overall skin health. Other good sources of Vitamin A include eggs, dairy products, and liver.
Retinol can be quite potent and may cause irritation, dryness, and increased sun sensitivity, especially for first-time users. Start with a lower concentration, use it at night, and always pair it with a good moisturizer and sunscreen.
Neutrogena Retinol Face Moisturizer, Rapid Wrinkle Repair, Daily Anti-Aging Face Cream with Retinol & Hyaluronic Acid to Fight Fine Lines, Wrinkles, & Dark Spots, 1.7 oz
Benzoyl Peroxide
Benzoyl Peroxide is a well-known acne-fighting ingredient that works by killing acne-causing bacteria and reducing inflammation. It’s particularly effective for treating active breakouts and preventing new ones from forming. However, Benzoyl Peroxide can be drying and may bleach fabrics, so use it with care and avoid applying it to areas where it could rub off on clothing or sheets.
It’s best for oily, acne-prone skin but should be used with caution on sensitive skin. This ingredient is also suitable for use in facewash for oily skin.
Foods rich in zinc, such as oysters, pumpkin seeds, and chickpeas, can help control acne by reducing inflammation and bacterial growth on the skin. Additionally, a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins can support your skin’s natural defenses against acne.
CeraVe Hydrating Cream To Foam Cleanser | Makeup Remover Face Wash For Dry Skin | Foaming Facial Cleanser With Hyaluronic Acid | Normal To Dry Skin | Fragrance Free & Non Comedogenic | 19 Fluid Ounce
Salicylic Acid
Salicylic Acid, though a BHA, deserves special mention. It’s a go-to for treating blackheads, whiteheads, and acne due to its ability to exfoliate inside the pores.
Salicylic Acid also has anti-inflammatory properties, making it suitable for calming irritated skin. While effective, overuse can lead to dryness or irritation, so it’s important to start with lower concentrations, especially for those with sensitive skin.
Make sure to use an abundant amount of moisturizer after using salicylic acid.
Paula’s Choice Skin Perfecting 2% BHA Liquid Salicylic Acid Exfoliant, Gentle Facial Exfoliator for Blackheads, Large Pores, Wrinkles & Fine Lines, Travel Size, 1 Fluid Ounce
Each of these active ingredients plays a unique role in skincare. For the best results, consider your skin type and concerns before incorporating them into your routine. Some ingredients, like AHAs and BHAs, can be used together for a more comprehensive exfoliation, while others, like Retinol and Vitamin C, should be used at different times of the day to avoid irritation. Always patch-test new products and introduce them gradually to minimize the risk of adverse reactions.
